![]() ![]() For instance, the trilateral security arrangement between India, Maldives, and Sri Lanka signed in 2013 as a maritime security framework can be considered an MDA framework as it focuses on carrying out anti-piracy operations, naval Search and Rescue (SAR) operations, and surveillance of Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs). To harness such actionable information, countries collaborate in sharing intelligence and technology. In order to ensure maritime security, nations are required to drive engagements that are well informed. Such awareness can only come from monitoring both the ocean surface as well as the ocean floor. Any nation focusing on the agenda of becoming a "Blue Economy" must be aware of all activities in the ocean to fulfill its interests. The concept of MDA in itself is not limited to security and crosses into other domains like fisheries, trade, scientific research like marine biology, deep seabed mining, and installation of offshore wind farms, solar farms, and gas plants. In contrast, future development of necessary technologies includes remote piloted unmanned vessels, UAVs that could operate at high altitudes for a prolonged time, and sensor-equipped aerostats and buoys. For instance, the existing MDA technology includes cameras, radars, satellite imaging systems, etc. This entire process depends on technology that either exists or requires further development. This information is then relayed to the concerned command or the decision-maker. Simply put, it is the ability to obtain information for threat detection that is analyzed to determine corrective action. Goward, in their paper Maritime Domain Awareness: The Key to Maritime Security, define MDA as “a process that collects, fuses, and analyzes data about activities in, and the conditions of, the maritime environment and then disseminates the data gathered and analysis results to decision-makers”. ![]()
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